2nd+WAVE+CHARACTERISTICS

Industrial Wave:

The second wave was the Industrial Wave. It started in the late 1700’s and ended approximately in 1950. People started moving from agricultural societies toward living and working in cities. The Industrial revolution led to standardization or a uniform system of operating businesses. The standardization process affected all lunch hours, holidays, grievance procedures, fringe benefits, and hiring procedures. Job specialization also increased. People developed specific jobs skills while working in businesses or industries. The importance of time became the theme of second wave societies. Synchronization of time, workers, and machinery was the new concept. Time meant money, and it controlled all aspects of life. In second wave societies, people were able to move farther away because families were not tied to the land. Therefore, families were composed of the nuclear family. Energy sources came more and more from nonrenewable resources, and machine power instead of man/animal power took over second wave societies. Governmental control and giant corporations were formed in order to centralize control. Mass media and mass education increased the way information was processed.